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The term smart grid "has come to describe a next-generation electrical power system that is typified by the increased use of communications and information technology in the generation, delivery and consumption of electrical energy." 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the Smart Grid )〕 Some of the main benefits to smart grid technology are that individual consumers have more control over their electricity consumption, which can lead to greater overall energy efficiency. Home appliances can be programmed to run at specific times when electrical demand is lowest. This has a two-pronged benefit of reducing the occurrence of brownouts and blackouts that frequent the current U.S. electrical grid, as well as reducing the need for peak power plants, which are typically more expensive to run. The reliability and efficiency of the electrical grid can be enhanced by implementing smart grid technologies, however this would require modifications to the current electrical system, and advances towards its adoption in the United States have been slow. The history of smart grid related policies and their implications on the American electrical system, as well as Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and potential future regulations and policy pertaining to smart grid will be discussed to give some indication as to the status of Smart Grid policy and potential adoption in the United States. ==The History of U.S. Smartgrid Policy== Some U.S. Smart Grid Milestones *July, 2003: DOE releases "Grid 2030" A National Vision for Electricity's Second 100 Years. Report calls for a gradual transition to Smart Grid technology〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2030: A National Vision for Electricity's Second 100 Years )〕 *August 8, 2005: Passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which includes new power grid reliability standards and alternative energy incentive funding *March 2007: DOE releases A Vision for the Modern Grid, with call for an accelerated transition to a Smart Grid〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Vision for the Modern Grid )〕 *December, 2007:Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) signed into law. NIST appointed to coordinate development of Smart Grid Standards. The policy for implementation of a comprehensive smart grid in the United States was codified in Title IIV of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA). *June 2008: DOE workshop brings more than 140 government and industry representatives together to discuss EISA Smart Grid goals〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Evolution and Progress of Smart Grid Development at the Department of Energy )〕 *January 8, 2009: President- Elect Obama identifies transition to a Smart Grid as a high priority for his administration *February 7, 2009: Under the guidance of President Barack Obama, Congress supplemented the Energy Independence and Security Act and the Administration acted vigorously to develop the Smart Grid. The Energy Independence and Security Act authorized demonstration projects for Smart Grid technologies. The landmark American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 added significantly additional funds to the effort. The Department of Energy approved grants to several utilities to build the necessary infrastructure. (Rokach Unlocking…) *March 19, 2009: FERC releases Smart Grid Policy — Proposed Policy Statement and Action Plan for public comment〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Smart Grid Policy )〕 *April 13, 2009: NIST names Dr. George W. Arnold as first National Coordinator for Smart Grid Interoperability〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=George Arnold )〕 *April 28–29, 2009: Reston, Virginia workshop to select first Interoperability Frameworks standards attracts 400 participants *May 18, 2009: Secs. Chu and Locke announce increased funding for development of Smart Grid Standards and demonstration projects, and announce selection of first 16 proposed standards *May 19–20, 2009: Stakeholder Summit held in Washington, DC *September 2009: Target date for release of Preliminary Roadmap for development of Interoperability Framework *January 25, 2010: NIST releases: The NIST Interoperability Framework for the Smart Grid 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Smart grid policy in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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